AED Pharmacokinetics

For more details look up each drug individually in Antiepileptics Neuropharmacology module.
F (%)Tmax (h)Vd (L/kg)Protein binding (%)Renal excretion* (%)Metabolic organ (%)Thalf-life (h)TSS (d)Therapeutic range (mg/L)
PB70-900.5-8.60.6-0.95520-25Hepatic (50-80)53-11810-1515-40
PHT90-1008-120.7-0.887-93~5Hepatic (95)6-6015-2010-20
PRM60-804-6N/A20-45~65Hepatic (60-70)7-222-3-
ESM>901.5-7.00.6-0.70~20Hepatic25-605-1550-100
CBZ853-80.8-2.076<2Hepatic12-172-64-12
CLB>950.9-1.485-Hepatic18100-400
VPA>954-170.1-0.2901-3Hepatic (95)6-17250-100
VGB60-8010.80100Renal5-82-
ZNS902-61.0-1.940~35Hepatic (70)27-7010-4010-40
LTG>951-40.9-1.35510Hepatic15-355-6-
GBP35-602-40.850100Renal5-72-
TPM801.4-4.30.6-0.81520-60Renal (70)20-304-62-13
OXC904.5-6.00.7560<1Hepatic (80)8-151-
LEV950.3-2.00.5-0.7<10~66Renal6-856-21
PGB901.30.570~98Renal5-723.0-9.5
LCM1001-40.5-0.8<3040Hepatic (60)132-3-
RFN854-60.71-1.1435~4Hepatic6-101-35-30
PRP1000.5-2.5≤952Hepatic70-
BVC10010.5≤209Hepatic (20)920.2-2.0

*Unchanged excretion.

BVC: brivaracetam, CBZ: carbamazepine, CLB: clobazam, ESM: ethosuximide, F: drug fraction, GBP: gabapentin, LCM: lacosamide, LEV: levetiracetam, LTG: lamotrigine, OXC: oxcarbazepine, PB: phenobarbital, PGB: pregabalin, PHT: phenytoin, PRM: primidone, PRP: perampanel, RFN: rufinamide, Tmax: time to reach maximum plasma concentration, TPM: topiramate, TSS: time to reach steady-state plasma concentration, Vd: volume of distribution, VGB: vigabatrin, VPA: valproate, ZNS: zonisamide.